Ovarian cancer remains one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies, with a five-year survival rate that significantly declines once the disease advances beyond the early stages. Despite treatment advancements, late-stage diagnosis and challenges in achieving complete surgical resection contribute to poor patient outcomes. The CA-125 biomarker is well-recognized for its role in ovarian cancer, yet its potential for enhancing early detection and sugical precision is underutilized. Fluorescent probes targeting CA-125 are being developed to improve both early diagnosis through liquid biopsy and to enhance accuracy in tumour resection during surgery. By addressing critical gaps in current diagnostic and surgical methods, this can lead to reductions in ovarian cancer recurrence rates and improve patient outcomes. 

The introduction of CA-125 targeted fluorescent probes could revolutionize ovarian cancer detection and surgical management, leading to more effective treatments, reduced recurrence rates, and significantly improved patient outcomes.