Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive and metastatic cancer with a poor prognosis, evidenced by a 1-10% five-year survival rate. Despite treatment regimens that include combinations of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation, and surgery, patient outcomes remain poor. Interactions between cancer and immune cells contribute significantly to treatment resistance. Extensive immune cell infiltration has been observed in human SCLC, suggesting that tumour-immune interactions play a key role in the poor responsiveness of SCLC to chemo and immunotherapies. By harnessing the power of artificial intelligence-driven algorithms, lead indicators of tumour-immune interactions in SCLC will be identified to pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies, potentially transforming treatment approaches. 

Establishing lead indicators of tumour-immune interactions in SCLC will pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies, potentially transforming treatment approaches and improving patient outcomes. Disseminating these findings to the broader cancer research community will facilitate further exploration and application to other cancer types.